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๐ Oil Pollution
๐ Examples
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Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (2010): Largest marine oil spill in Gulf of Mexico.
โ
Ennore Oil Spill (2017): Collision off Chennai coast, impacting marine life and fishermen.
โ
MV Wakashio Spill (2020): Ship ran aground off Mauritius, spilling oil in a biodiversity-rich area.
๐ Causes
โ
Oil spills from tankers, offshore rigs.
โ
Leakages from drilling, transportation.
โ
Ballast water discharge, pipeline ruptures.
๐ Consequences
โ
Environmental: Marine life death, long-term damage to ecosystems.
โ
Economic: Livelihood loss, high cleanup costs.
โ
Health Hazards: Skin disorders, respiratory issues, contamination of seafood.
๐ Steps Taken
โ
International: MARPOL Convention, OPRC, IMO standards.
โ
India: NOS-DCP, INCOIS oil spill trajectory model.
๐ Way Forward
โ
Enforce safety regulations, improve warning systems, develop response capacity, promote bioremediation techniques.
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